In a significant scientific breakthrough, Japanese researchers have developed a new type of plastic that dissolves in seawater within hours, potentially offering a powerful tool in the global fight against ocean pollution and environmental degradation.
This innovative material, created by scientists from the RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science in collaboration with the University of Tokyo, is designed to degrade rapidly in saltwater, much faster than earlier biodegradable plastics. Unlike most conventional plastics that take decades to break down and often leave harmful microplastics behind, this new plastic completely disintegrates without leaving a trace.
At a laboratory in Wako city, near Tokyo, researchers showcased how a small piece of the material disappeared after being stirred in a container of seawater for about an hour.
Although the research team has yet to outline any commercial production plans, lead scientist Takuzo Aida revealed that the innovation has already sparked substantial interest from stakeholders in the packaging industry.
The discovery arrives amid growing urgency to tackle plastic pollution. According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), plastic waste is projected to triple by 2040, potentially adding 23–37 million metric tons of plastic to oceans each year.
“Children cannot choose the planet they will live on. It is our duty as scientists to ensure that we leave them with best possible environment,”
— Takuzo Aida, Project Lead
Aida emphasized that the material is as durable as traditional petroleum-based plastics. However, when exposed to salt, it breaks down into its original chemical components, which can then be further decomposed by natural bacteria, eliminating the risk of microplastic formation. This makes the plastic not only biodegradable but also environmentally safe.
Moreover, salt found in soil can also initiate decomposition. A piece measuring five centimeters (two inches) will fully degrade on land in approximately 200 hours.
The team noted that this plastic can be used like standard plastic when coated, and current research is focusing on identifying optimal coating techniques. Additionally, the material is non-toxic, non-flammable, and does not emit carbon dioxide, making it a promising option for sustainable industrial use.
The development of a plastic that dissolves in seawater within hours marks a revolutionary step in combating global plastic pollution. Spearheaded by researchers at the RIKEN Center and the University of Tokyo, this innovation offers a viable alternative to traditional plastics that persist in the environment for centuries.
Its rapid breakdown, non-toxic nature, and absence of microplastic residue make it a sustainable and safe solution for both marine and terrestrial ecosystems.
With global plastic waste expected to triple by 2040, such advancements are not only timely but necessary. The material’s potential use in packaging and other applications could significantly reduce our environmental footprint—provided it’s adopted and scaled responsibly. While commercialization is yet to begin, the strong interest from industry stakeholders indicates promising prospects.
As the world grapples with the plastic crisis, innovations like this offer hope for a cleaner, more sustainable future for the next generation.